In architecture, architectural drafting, structural drafting and building engineering, a floor plan (in other term known as Scottish plan) is a drawing that full of scales, measurements, showing view from above, or underground (it’s possible) doors, furniture, trees, relationship between rooms, spaces and other structural and physical feature of a house or buildings.
The
dimensions are included and usually drawn between the walls to specify the desire
room sizes and wall lengths. Floor plans may also include couple of detailed
fixtures like showers, sinks, furnace, bed, water heaters, stairs and etc. It
may also include notes for construction features to specify construction
methods, finishes, or symbols for electrical items.
Floor
plan is sometimes refers to a “plan” which
is a measured plane that has been typically projected at the height of 4”, to
opposed an “elevation” which is a
measured plane projected from the side of the house or building along its
height, a “cross section” where a
building is cut along an axis to show the interior structure.
The
term “floor plan” may be used in
general to describe any drawing that shows physical layout of particular
objects. It may also denote the arrangement of furniture, and of the displayed
objects at an exhibition.
CLASSIFICATIONS
A floor
plan is not a top view or bird’s eye view in terms of perspective. It is a measured
drawing to show and scale the layout of the chosen floor in a building. A bird’s
eye view does not show an orthogonally projected cutting plane at the typical 4”
measurement of height above the floor level. Floor plan can display the
following: restrooms, windows and doors, appliances such as water heaters,
sink, stove, refrigerators, etc. Interior features such as fireplaces,
whirlpools, and use of all rooms including the master bedroom, common room,
guest room, maid’s room, and many more.
REVIEW THE PLAN
A plan view is an
orthographic projection of a 3-dimensional object from its position of a
horizontal plane through the object. Otherwise, the angle or portion of a
horizontal plane through the object above the section (plane) is omitted to
reveal what lies beyond it. In the case of floor plan, the upper portion of the
walls and the roof may typically omit.
Even if
roof plans are orthographic projection, they are still omitted because they are
not sections as they are viewing plane is outside of the object. A plan is a
method commonly depicting the internal arrangement of a 3D object into 2D that
often used in technical drawings.
HOW TO DRAW PLAN WITH
SCALES?
Drawing
a Scottish plan to scale can be both a very critical part of designing process
and can be greatly helpful for visualizing objects similarly to furniture
layout, and for you to make your own floor plan to scale? Simply follow the
instructions:
Step 1: First is
to measure the length of the longest wall.
Step 2: Scale
this measurement downward so that it will fit onto a sheet of graphing paper.
Step 3: Count the
numbers of squares on the longest side of the graphing paper (ex. 24 squares)
this is the side that accommodates the longest part of the desired plan.
Step 4: Scale
down the length of the wall to reduce it down to a smaller one. (If the number
of unit is very small that may result to tiny drawings, try doubling or
otherwise increasing the number of squares used to depict each unit. If you
aren't happy with the size, try decreasing the larger number by the smaller
one. If the wall measures even numbers of units (ex. 80 ft.) try dividing it by
3, 4, etc. to see the resulting number is smaller square numbers.
Step 5: Measure
the length of the other walls and covert these measurements to your scale.
Step 6: Measure
the length of each door and window opening and convert these measurement to
your scales.
Step 7: Incorporate
all the walls, doors, and windows on your plan, use double lines for the window
and single line with an arc for the door.
Step 8: Measure
all the built-in fixtures, (ex. cabinets, tables) and then convert those into
scales and add them on your plan.
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